About Place
- Goma is located in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), near the border with Rwanda.
- The city is situated on the shores of Lake Kivu and at the foot of the active Nyiragongo Volcano.
- Goma is known for its striking natural beauty, with landscapes that include a picturesque lake and an active volcano.
- The city's history is marked by significant geopolitical challenges and conflict.
- Despite these challenges, Goma is often described as a city of resilience, where the strength of the human spirit is as impressive as the surrounding landscapes.
Reasons to Visit
- Volcanic Adventures : Goma is home to one of the most active volcanoes in the world, Mount Nyiragongo. The volcano’s lava lake, one of the largest and most active on the planet, offers a surreal experience for adventurous travelers. The hike to the summit is challenging but rewarding, with views that are both awe-inspiring and humbling.
- Proximity to Lake Kivu : Lake Kivu is one of Africa’s Great Lakes, and Goma’s location on its northern shore makes it an ideal spot for both relaxation and exploration. The lake's deep blue waters are surrounded by lush green hills, offering opportunities for boating, fishing, and even swimming—though caution is advised due to the lake's high levels of dissolved methane and carbon dioxide.
- Cultural and Humanitarian Significance : Goma has been at the crossroads of various humanitarian efforts due to its proximity to conflict zones. The city hosts numerous NGOs and international organizations, making it a unique spot for understanding the complexities of humanitarian aid and the resilience of the local population.
Visa
- For US Citizens : A visa is required to enter the DRC. This must be obtained in advance from a DRC embassy or consulate.
- For EU Citizens : Similarly, a visa is required for all EU citizens, which needs to be applied for at a Congolese embassy.
- For African Citizens : Citizens of some African countries may be eligible for visa-free entry or visa on arrival, though this depends on bilateral agreements. It's crucial to check specific country requirements.
- For Others : Travelers from other parts of the world will need to secure a visa prior to travel, often requiring proof of yellow fever vaccination.
Travel Expenses
- Travel to & from Goma :
- Round-trip flights from a major metro city like Nairobi to Goma: approximately $500 - $800 per person.
- Hotel Cost :
- 4 nights in a mid-range hotel: around $100 - $150 per night, total: $400 - $600.
- Food Cost :
- Lunch and dinner for 5 days for two people: approximately $20 - $50 per meal, total: $200 - $500.
- Activity Cost :
- Nyiragongo Volcano trek: around $300 per person.
- Virunga National Park gorilla trekking: $400 - $600 per person.
- Lake Kivu boat tour: approximately $50 per person.
- Total activity cost: $1,300 - $1,900 for two people.
- Near Destination Travel Cost :
- Car rental for 5 days: around $300.
Estimated Total Cost : $3,000 - $4,500 for two people.
Best Itinerary
Day 1 : Arrival in Goma Arrive in Goma via Goma International Airport. After checking into your hotel, spend the afternoon exploring the bustling streets of Goma. Visit the local markets to experience the vibrant Congolese culture and shop for handcrafted goods. Enjoy dinner at Le Chalet, known for its mix of European and Congolese dishes, before resting for the night.
Day 2 : Nyiragongo Volcano Hike Start your day early with a hearty breakfast at your hotel. By 8:00 AM, begin the ascent of Mount Nyiragongo. The trek to the summit takes about 6 hours and is challenging but manageable with proper preparation. Arrive at the summit by late afternoon, where you'll witness the spectacular lava lake as the sun sets. Spend the night camping at the summit, with meals provided by the trekking company.
Day 3 : Descend Nyiragongo and Relax at Lake Kivu After a sunrise view of the lava lake, begin your descent back to Goma, arriving by midday. After a well-deserved rest, head to Kivu Lodge for a leisurely lunch by the lake. In the evening, take a boat tour of Lake Kivu, enjoying the serene atmosphere and breathtaking sunset. Return to Goma for dinner at Maison D’Hôtes, where you can savor traditional Congolese cuisine.
Day 4 : Visit Virunga National Park Take a day trip to Virunga National Park, departing Goma at 7:00 AM. Spend the morning tracking mountain gorillas, one of the park's most famous residents. After the trek, enjoy a packed lunch provided by the park staff. Spend the afternoon exploring other parts of the park, such as the Tongo Hills, home to chimpanzees. Return to Goma in the late afternoon, and enjoy a relaxing dinner at La Bodega.
Day 5 : Humanitarian Tour and Departure On your final day, visit some of the NGOs operating in Goma to learn about the humanitarian efforts in the region. This can include a visit to Heal Africa hospital or the Kivu Research Group. After lunch at Café Kivu, spend your remaining time shopping for souvenirs or relaxing by the lake. Depart Goma in the late afternoon or evening.
Safety Tips
- Always carry a copy of your passport and visa.
- Avoid traveling alone, especially at night.
- Keep an eye on your belongings in crowded areas.
- Stay updated on local news for any travel advisories.
- Respect local customs and dress modestly.
- Only use trusted guides for treks and tours.
- Drink bottled water and avoid ice cubes.
- Be cautious when swimming in Lake Kivu.
- Ensure you have comprehensive travel insurance.
- Familiarize yourself with the location of your country’s embassy or consulate.
Flights
Kenya Airways offers direct flights from Nairobi to Goma, taking about 1.5 hours. Round-trip tickets range from $500 to $800.
Hotels
- Le Chalet
- Kivu Lodge
- Maison D’Hôtes
- Café Kivu
- La Bodega.
Contacts
- Nearest Indian Embassy : Embassy of India in Kinshasa, DRC
- Phone : +243 99 704 3174
- Email : hoc.kinshasa@mea.gov.in
- Emergency Numbers :
- Police : 112
- Ambulance : 118
- Firefighters : 119
Closet Airport
- Goma International Airport (GOM)
Nearest City
- Kigali
- Rwanda
Heritage Sites
- Virunga National Park (a UNESCO World Heritage site)
Airlines
- Kenya Airways
- Ethiopian Airlines
- RwandAir.
Currency
- Congolese Franc (CDF)
Languages Spoken
- Swahili
- French
Real Story
On the morning of January 17, 2002, the city of Goma experienced one of the most devastating natural disasters in its history: the eruption of Mount Nyiragongo. This volcano, which lies just 12 kilometers north of the city, is one of the most active in the world and is known for its fast-moving lava flows.
In the early hours of that fateful day, the ground beneath Goma began to tremble as Nyiragongo erupted violently. The eruption sent two rivers of molten lava flowing towards the city at speeds of up to 60 kilometers per hour. The lava, glowing a fiery red and orange, cut through the city with terrifying speed, destroying everything in its path.
The first lava flow reached the city center by mid-morning, consuming homes, businesses, and infrastructure. The heat from the lava was so intense that it caused explosions in gas stations and other flammable materials. Panic spread quickly as residents fled for their lives, many of them heading towards the Rwandan border. The sky above Goma turned dark with ash, and the air was thick with the smell of sulfur and burning.
By the time the eruption subsided, approximately 15% of Goma had been destroyed. Nearly 120,000 people were left homeless, and the city’s infrastructure was in ruins. The lava flows also cut through the runway of Goma International Airport, temporarily severing the city’s connection to the outside world.
Remarkably, the death toll from the eruption was relatively low, estimated to be around 147 people. This was due in part to the city’s familiarity with volcanic activity and the swift evacuation of many residents. However, the long-term impact was devastating. The destruction of homes, schools, and businesses left thousands in dire conditions, and the city’s economy suffered greatly.
In the aftermath, Goma became the focus of international relief efforts. Aid organizations provided food, water, and medical assistance, while the government and international donors worked to rebuild the city. Over time, the residents of Goma showed extraordinary resilience, rebuilding their homes and lives in the shadow of Nyiragongo.
Today, the scars of the 2002 eruption are still visible in Goma. The hardened lava flows can be seen cutting through parts of the city, a stark reminder of the power of nature. Yet, these scars also serve as a testament to the strength and resilience of the people of Goma, who continue to live and thrive despite the ever-present threat of the volcano.
Cuisine
The cuisine of Goma is a delightful blend of local Congolese flavors and influences from neighboring Rwanda. The food here is hearty and flavorful, with a focus on locally sourced ingredients, including fresh vegetables, fish from Lake Kivu, and a variety of meats. The flavors are rich, often enhanced with spices and herbs that add depth to the dishes.
One of the staple dishes in Goma is Sombe, a traditional stew made from cassava leaves. The leaves are pounded and then cooked slowly with peanut paste, garlic, and other spices, resulting in a thick, flavorful dish that is often served with Fufu (a starchy side dish made from cassava, plantains, or maize).
Another popular dish is Brochettes, skewers of marinated and grilled meat, usually goat or beef, which are often enjoyed with a side of fried plantains or Bugali (a type of maize porridge). The meat is typically seasoned with a mix of local spices, giving it a smoky, savory flavor.
Fish dishes are also common in Goma, thanks to the city’s proximity to Lake Kivu. Grilled tilapia or Nile perch is often served with a spicy tomato sauce and accompanied by rice or Fufu.
In addition to these mainstays, street food is an essential part of the culinary experience in Goma. Samosas, chapati, and various types of roasted meats can be found in the local markets, offering quick and tasty options for those on the go.
Kivu coffee is a local specialty, known for its rich, bold flavor. It’s grown in the fertile volcanic soils around Lake Kivu and is considered some of the best coffee in the region. Whether enjoyed black or with a bit of sugar, a cup of Kivu coffee is a must-try when visiting Goma.
The cuisine in Goma is more than just food; it’s a reflection of the city’s resilience and its ability to adapt and thrive in the face of challenges. The flavors are bold, the dishes are hearty, and every meal tells a story of the land and its people.
Culture and History
Goma is a melting pot of various cultures, largely influenced by its proximity to Rwanda and the historical movements of people across borders. The predominant ethnic groups in Goma include the Nande, Hutu, Tutsi, and other smaller indigenous communities. These groups bring together a vibrant mix of languages, customs, and traditions, with Swahili serving as the lingua franca.
Traditional music and dance play a vital role in Goma's cultural life. Music in this region often involves the use of drums, stringed instruments like the likembe (thumb piano), and vocal harmonies that reflect both joy and sorrow. Dance is similarly important, often performed during celebrations, religious ceremonies, and social gatherings. The dances, characterized by rhythmic movements and vibrant costumes, are a way to express community values, history, and collective memory.
Art in Goma is often a reflection of the city’s resilience. Local artists, working in various mediums, use their art to portray the beauty of the landscape, the hardships of conflict, and the hope for a better future. The city's art scene has seen a resurgence in recent years, with galleries and workshops becoming spaces where artists can both preserve traditional forms and experiment with contemporary styles.
Historical Context :
Goma's history is marked by both natural and human-made challenges. Historically, the region around Goma was part of the larger kingdom of Rwanda-Urundi, and it shares many cultural ties with Rwanda. During the colonial period, Goma was under Belgian control as part of the Congo Free State, and later, the Belgian Congo. The city developed as a strategic location due to its proximity to Lake Kivu and the fertile volcanic soils of the surrounding areas.
The post-colonial period has been tumultuous for Goma. The city has been at the center of multiple conflicts, including the Rwandan Genocide in 1994, which led to a massive influx of refugees into Goma. The presence of these refugees, along with various armed groups, turned Goma into a focal point of the First and Second Congo Wars (1996-2003). These wars were some of the deadliest conflicts since World War II, leading to millions of deaths and widespread suffering.
Despite these hardships, the people of Goma have demonstrated remarkable resilience. The city is a hub for humanitarian work, with numerous NGOs operating in the region to provide aid and support. This has fostered a unique culture of resilience and solidarity among the local population, who continue to rebuild and thrive despite ongoing challenges.